{"id":670,"date":"2021-05-17T06:41:33","date_gmt":"2021-05-17T06:41:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/?p=670"},"modified":"2021-06-02T05:15:03","modified_gmt":"2021-06-02T05:15:03","slug":"week-8-wip","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/week-8-wip\/","title":{"rendered":"Week 8: Farm management and other native bees"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2>8a. Natural history research<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>Notable native bees of other parts of North America<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Squash bees (tribe Eucerini; genera <em>Peponapis<\/em> and <em>Xenoglossa<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Nearly as essential to squash as squash is to them (Moisset, 2010)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Cellophane bees (family Colletidae)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Line their nests with secretions like cellophane wrap (Moisset, 2010)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Cuckoo bees (Apidae subfamily Nomadinae)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>A completely parasitic group of bees (Moisset, 2010)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Small carpenter bees (<em>Ceratina<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Nectar-robbers (Embry 2018)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Unusual American bees<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Arctic bumble bee (Bombus polaris)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>It\u2019s able to regulate its body temperature much better than most bees, and is one of two <em>Bombus<\/em> bee species north of the Arctic circle (the other being it\u2019s parasite) (Heinrich 1940).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Searching for the Arctic Bumblebee - Documentary\" width=\"660\" height=\"371\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WrNaIAswvrs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>A micro documentary about <em>Bombus polaris<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Extinct <em>Apis nearctica<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>A fossil of this species was found in Nevada, the only pre-colombian American bee of the genus Apis (Embry 2018)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Melipona spp.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>A group of stingless bees which make honey, though about 1\/20 of that which Apis mellifera produces. <em>Melipona beecheii <\/em>was managed by Mayan people. (Embry 2018)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2>8b. Assessment and improvements<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On Monday 5\/17 Beth gave me a tour of the farm to answer questions I had related to assessing the pollinator habitat. I also offered to replace the tubes in the mason bee house, as they are super old. I&#8217;ll have to figure out how to replace them without disturbing any existing nests. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/beebuilt.com\/blogs\/backyard-beekeeping-blog\/everything-you-need-to-know-before-keeping-mason-bees\">Bee built<\/a> says to use either paper tubes, breathable naturally occurring reeds, corrugated wood slats or cardboard.&nbsp;Use a variety of sizes. <strong>The <em>best<\/em> way to manage them is to harvest and clean the cocoons<\/strong> (in water) in the fall after larvae have grown into adults and cocooned themselves, and then store them in a fridge until spring temperatures reach 50. At that point you can place them outside (in any container under shelter like an awning) and wait for them to emerge. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuesday 5\/18. Weeding, transplanting, accompanied by a cute red bird who enjoyed the worms I was exposing. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6243-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-788\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6243-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6243-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6243-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6243.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6227-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-787\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6227-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6227-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6227-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6227.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Some strawberries getting big! They tolerated transplanting well<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Thursday 5\/20. More weeding, more transplanting, a little time helping with the Caleb-led project, and got bamboo sticks from Ashley. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_0177-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-785\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_0177-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_0177-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_0177-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_0177.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Interview notes<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2>8c. Film and media<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>I&#8217;ve now read most of &#8220;Our Native Bees&#8221; by Paige Embry. The book is packed with west-coast focused information about native bees and agriculture with personal anecdotes mixed in. I wish I had found it sooner. It has a similar tone and journalistic style to Michael Pollan. In the first half of the book the author discusses the importance of native bees in agriculture and introduces some west coast pollinators, and then discusses the threats facing these bees and the role of farmers and gardeners in conservation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here&#8217;s some awesome entomologists and bee enthusiasts on TikTok that I wanted to share:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/vm.tiktok.com\/ZMeWwtn6r\/\">https:\/\/vm.tiktok.com\/ZMeWwtn6r\/<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/vm.tiktok.com\/ZMeWwXu7d\/\">https:\/\/vm.tiktok.com\/ZMeWwXu7d\/<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4>Bees and fire<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>I listened to <a href=\"https:\/\/extension.oregonstate.edu\/podcast\/pollination-podcast\">OSU\u2019s PolliNation podcast<\/a> episode 160 with Jim Cane: <em>Bees and fire <\/em>to learn more about a topic touched on in Paige Embry\u2019s<em> Our Native Bees. <\/em>The guest, Jim Cane, former USDA bee lab scientist, shared a california-focused perspective on the effects of fire on native bees. The answer is much more complicated than you might expect. Stem-nesting bees and late-season fliers are likely affected the most by fire. Ground nesting bees seem to be unaffected, even those which nest very close to the surface. Jim thinks this is likely because most bees nest in burrows or holes in early succession habitat where heat isn\u2019t trapped by dense vegetation. In addition, most bees are nested by late summer\/fall when wildfires happen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\" style=\"border-color:#111\"><blockquote class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#caa811\"><p><strong>\u201cFrank points to an Andrena mining bee sitting quietly on the blackened earth. He explains that she\u2019s sitting there because, unlike a bumble bee queen, she can\u2019t control her internal temperature and with her small size she loses heat fast.\u201d<\/strong> <\/p><cite>Paige Embry, <em>Our Native Bees<\/em><\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Things like huckleberry and other shrubs, which don\u2019t bloom densely when shaded, actually benefit from fires every decade. Fires can even maintain meadows that provide high quality habitat to bees and other wildlife. They discuss this in minutes 18:30-21:00.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is still much research needed on this topic. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>8f. Special events<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Visited the food and ag path party <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>8g. Cooking<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To celebrate Palestinian people I wanted to cook something. I googled recipes and recognized many of them as meals I\u2019ve eaten when visiting family in Israel. It was interesting to take a second glance at these foods within a political context. As a child I thought that Israel had been there forever, because my step-grandparents made a point of showing us all the old structures that they said were built by their ancestors. In hindsight I think I remember tension on the topic between my young step-mother and her parents. Afterwards we would go to a Palestinian restaurant. The irony.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6136-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"790\" class=\"wp-image-790\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6136-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6136-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6136.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6140-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"791\" class=\"wp-image-791\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6140-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6140-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6140.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\"><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.makehummusnotwar.com\/kitchens_7.html#:~:text=Fukharit%20adas%20is%20a%20slow,pods%2C%20and%20various%20other%20spices.\">Fukharit\u2019adas<\/a> (lentil soup)<br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6194-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-792\" width=\"473\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6194-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6194-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6194-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/693\/2021\/06\/IMG_6194.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 473px) 100vw, 473px\" \/><figcaption><br>Awameh or lokma (honey donuts)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2>8h. <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Moisset, B. (2010, November 26). Native bees of north america. BugGuide. Retrieved May 20, 2021, from <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/475348\">URL<\/a><\/li><li>Embry, Paige. (2018).\u00a0<em>Our native bees: North America\u2019s endangered pollinators and the fight to save them<\/em>. Portland, OR. Timber press<\/li><li>Heinrich, Bernd. (1940). <em>Bumble bee economics<\/em>. Cambridge, MA. Harvard University Press<\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>8a. Natural history research Notable native bees of other parts of North America Squash bees (tribe Eucerini; genera Peponapis and Xenoglossa) Nearly as essential to squash as squash is to them (Moisset, 2010) Cellophane bees (family Colletidae) Line their nests with secretions like cellophane wrap (Moisset, 2010) Cuckoo bees (Apidae subfamily Nomadinae) A completely parasitic &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/week-8-wip\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Week 8: Farm management and other native bees<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":569,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"geo":{"latitude":31.4967499,"longitude":34.4558716,"description":null},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/670"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/569"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=670"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/670\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":891,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/670\/revisions\/891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=670"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=670"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.evergreen.edu\/tmtaa-portfolio-w21-corinne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=670"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}